{"id":3541,"date":"2021-01-10T19:59:16","date_gmt":"2021-01-10T19:59:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/?p=3541"},"modified":"2021-01-10T20:09:54","modified_gmt":"2021-01-10T20:09:54","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%8d%8e%e5%8f%b2%e8%ae%b0-%c7%80-%e5%a4%a9%e6%b6%af%e7%ad%91%e8%b7%af%e4%ba%ba%e7%9a%84%e8%b6%b3%e8%bf%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/?p=3541","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0 \u01c0 \u5929\u6daf\u7b51\u8def\u4eba\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"javascript:void(0);\">\u5317\u7f8e\u65b0\u89c6\u754c<\/a><em>2020-05-09<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u4e94\u6708\u5341\u53f7\u662f\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d21\u732e\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6210\u4e3a\u534e\u793e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u91cd\u78c5\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e86\u7b51\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\u548c\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u94ed\u8bb0\u548c\u81ea\u8c6a\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0&nbsp;\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzNDQyODUzMw==&amp;tempkey=MTA5NV9oRGRkbnhpWi9qbjFTMzlpX1l2ZXptWm5ueXVySHVDSDdaeDdiYTk0cl9NZklRZWdQUnBVN3Z2RDAwU2s3WFZ1NXhvRTd2WlphT19OdHNfX181d3I2WTV2UEUzRS10MEh6MUNKMjQ5d0FHSDBnaV9wQ3dLYU1LYnZHcXV3M3pRMkVXbGdCRnBGeE1NM3VuMW9NOGF5aVQwRUJjLWtpeDJJOUdOOHFBfn4%3D&amp;chksm=68f7cf745f80466248a9d9e83abe097a7f27100fc3de63a5cb04ed771791c980431a123813b4#\"><strong>\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0<\/strong>\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\uff1a\u4e66\u5199\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u516c\u4f17\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u6cd5\u5236\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u65af\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/r8JcWgH9QNgLvsgKZIrLUv1OZQj4qAe4uTURZicc3tJbhlGicvS2In3V7pbvVuEod2KdziciaY42Fqu1ibNtfiaHhWBA\/640\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7279\u522b\u63d2\u56fe\uff1a\u5b59\u5947\u4f1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/strong><strong>\u63d0\u5230\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7b51\u8def\u4eba\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6d6e\u4e0a\u5fc3\u5934\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4fee\u5efa\u6a2a\u8d2f\u4e1c\u897f\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5efa\u6210\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u7ecf151\u5e74\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4ece\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8ffd\u5bfb\u7b51\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\u3002<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6a2a\u8d2f\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def<\/strong>1850\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u5408\u4f17\u56fd\u7684\u7b2c31\u4e2a\u5dde\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\u5185\u6dd8\u91d1\u4e1a\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u5267\u589e\u30021858\u5e74\u5728\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5883\u5185\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u94f6\u77ff\u30021861\u5e74\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63a7\u897f\u90e8\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u77ff\u4ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u652f\u6301\u6218\u4e89\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u4e3a\u8054\u90a6\u5c5e\u5730\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e1c\u90e8\u653f\u6cbb\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0e\u897f\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\u8981\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u7684\u9700\u8981\u30021862\u5e74\u6797\u80af\u603b\u7edf\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u5bb6\u56ed\u6cd5\uff08Homestead Act\uff09\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4e1c\u90e8\u4eba\u6c11\u5411\u897f\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u53e3\u5c1a\u7a00\u5c11\u7684\u897f\u90e8\uff0c\u5efa\u8bbe\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e8e\u662f\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002\u7ecf\u56fd\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7531\u8054\u5408\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08Union Pacific Railroad\uff09\u627f\u5efa\u4ece\u5965\u9a6c\u54c8\uff08Omaha\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e1c\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08Central Pacific Railroad, CPRR\uff09\u627f\u5efa\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u897f\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>1863\u5e741\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u9996\u5e9c\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\uff08Sacramento\uff09\u7834\u571f\u52a8\u5de5\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u4ece\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u7ebd\u5361\u65af\u5c14\uff08Newcastle\uff09\u6b65\u6b65\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u9661\u5ced\u5165\u4e91\u7ec8\u5e74\u79ef\u96ea\u7684\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u96ea\u5c71\uff08Sierra Nevada\uff09 \u5c71\u8109\uff0c\u7ecf\u4e1c\u5761\u7684\u7279\u62c9\u57fa\uff08Truckee\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4eba\u70df\u7a00\u5c11\u3001\u51e0\u65e0\u6c34\u6e90\u7684\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u6c99\u6f20\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u4e1c\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u5185\u9646\u5927\u76c6\u5730\uff08Great Basin\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6d2a\u5821\u6cb3\u8c37\uff08Humboldt River\uff09, \u5230\u8fbe\u6c34\u4e95\u9547 \uff08Wells\uff09\u540e\u518d\u5411\u4e1c\u5317\u8fdb\u5165\u72b9\u4ed6\u5dde\uff0c\u5728Promontory \u00a0Point \u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u5411\u897f\u4fee\u5efa\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u63a5\u8f68\u3002\u94c1\u8def\u7ed9\u8352\u6f20\u5e26\u6765\u4eba\u70df\uff0c\u5c06\u661f\u661f\u70b9\u70b9\u7684\u77ff\u533a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u94c1\u8def\u57ce\u9547\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002\u73b0\u5728I-80\u6cbf\u7ebf\u7684\u96f7\u8bfa\uff08Reno\uff09, \u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361\uff08Winnemucca\uff09, \u6218\u6597\u5c71\uff08Battle Mountain\uff09, \u9698\u53e3\uff08Elko\uff09\uff0c\u6c34\u4e95\u9547\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u968f\u7740\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u7e41\u8363\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszGWPCy27ZsmVkWF4hWpic5gwja3iaQdV1HQugf5VvKUn0mtdUG1akh2aA\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e00\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u8def\u56fe \u6765\u6e90\uff1aLinda Hall Library of Science Engineering Technology &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;http:\/\/lhldigital.lindahall.org\/cdm\/landingpage\/collection\/rr_maps&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszAm5ztoLZTeWkiagibKiaoZRUdkcICVFIDFNecIbjUNEcWeuXa2Hm7WstQ\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e8c\uff0c\u5361\u68ee\u57ce\u9644\u8fd1\u7684Sierra Nevada \u5c71\u8109\u00a0\u6765\u6e90\uff1aUS Geological Survey\uff0c\u4f9b\u516c\u4f17\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1005\" height=\"728\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/11-69.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/11-69.png 1005w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/11-69-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/11-69-768x556.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1005px) 100vw, 1005px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e09. \u00a0\u4e1c\u671bGreat Basin \u00a0\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.googlefreephotos.com\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5927\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u521a\u5f00\u5de5\u65f6\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u4f30\u8ba1\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u9700\u89815000\u540d\u52b3\u5de5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5404\u5730\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e0a\u767b\u8f7d\u62db\u52df\u5e7f\u544a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4e1c\u90e8\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4e89\u6218\u706b\u672a\u7184\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91c7\u77ff\u4e1a\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u4e5f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u52b3\u5de5\u77ed\u7f3a\u3002\u7834\u571f\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u53ea\u62db\u5230\u4e86800\u4eba\uff0c\u94fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u523050\u82f1\u91cc\u94c1\u8f68\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u9760\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u79f0\u201c\u5929\u671d\u5de5\u4eba\u201d\uff08Celestial worker\uff09\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u00a0\u30101\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u65e9\u57281858\u5e74\u534e\u5de5\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u4fee\u7b51\u94c1\u8def\u4e86\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u8054\u5408\u62a5\uff08Sacramento Union\uff09\u7684\u62a5\u5bfc\uff0c\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e2d\u592e\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u66fe\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u4e94\u5341\u4e2a\u534e\u5de5\u4fee\u7b51\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u5230\u739b\u4e3d\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Marysville\uff09\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u4e45\u4ed6\u4eec\u52e4\u594b\uff0c\u575a\u97e7\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u540d\u58f0\u5c31\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u754c\u4f20\u5f00 \u30102\u3011\u30021865\u5e742\u6708\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u96c7\u7528\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u591a\u534a\u662f\u6dd8\u91d1\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u5c71\u5ba2\u201d\u3002\u6dd8\u91d1\u8fdb\u5165\u5de5\u4e1a\u89c4\u6a21\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u6324\u51fa\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u4e1a\u5185\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u4ed8\u7684\u85aa\u91d1\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534e\u5de5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u61c2\u4e9b\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u516c\u53f8\u53ea\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e72\u4f7f\u7528\u9539\u9550\u624b\u63a8\u8f66\u5e73\u6574\u8def\u57fa\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u534e\u5de5\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6cbf\u7740\u6d4b\u91cf\u597d\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u780d\u4f10\u6811\u6728\u3001\u586b\u6316\u571f\u65b9\u3001\u94fa\u8bbe\u94c1\u8f68\u7b49\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u5168\u9762\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u65bd\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5435\u4e0d\u95f9\u3001\u656c\u4e1a\uff0c\u8ba4\u771f\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u5403\u82e6\u8010\u52b3\u3002\u81f31865\u5e74\u79cb\u94c1\u8def\u6cbf\u7740\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u96ea\u5c71\u897f\u9e93\u722c\u5347\u5230Colfax\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u534e\u5de5\u5df2\u7ecf\u589e\u52a0\u52303000\u591a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u5f53\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u518d\u4e5f\u96c7\u4e0d\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u534e\u5de5\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u8f6c\u5411\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u4e2d\u4ecb\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u5e7f\u544a\u62db\u52df\u52b3\u5de5\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u503c\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u6218\u4e89\uff081851-1864\uff09\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6218\u4e71\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u6d41\u79bb\u5931\u6240\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u8c0b\u751f\u3002\u6d77\u5916\u62db\u5de5\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u79bb\u5f00\u5bb6\u4e61\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u90ae\u8f6e\uff08Pacific Mail Line\uff09\u8d8a\u6d0b\u5230\u8fbeSan Francisco\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e58\u6cb3\u8f6e\u6cbf\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u6cb3\u6eaf\u6d41\u800c\u4e0a\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u9001\u4e0a\u5c71\u5761\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u7b51\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u884c\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u901a\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u65b9\u768410\u523020\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u961f\uff0c\u4f4f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u68da\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u51fa\u94b1\u96c7\u4eba\u505a\u4e2d\u9910\u3002\u6bcf\u961f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u61c2\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5934\u76ee\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4ece\u534e\u5546\u5904\u91c7\u8d2d\u5927\u7c73\u3001\u82b1\u751f\u6cb9\u3001\u9c7c\u5e72\u3001\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u5e72\u679c\u3001\u7cd6\u7b49\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5de5\u5730\u7684\u5de5\u5934\u6253\u4ea4\u9053 \u30103\u3011\u30104\u3011\u3002<br>\u6708\u5e95\u53d1\u5de5\u8d44\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u76ee\u4ece\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u9886\u5230\u5168\u961f\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u518d\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u6bcf\u4eba\u624b\u91cc\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f9d\u9760\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u6ca1\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u8868\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u56db. \u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def1866\u5e742\u6708\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u5de5\u8d44\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"668\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/15-24-668x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/15-24-668x1024.png 668w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/15-24-196x300.png 196w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/15-24.png 714w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5317\u7f8e\u94c1\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/group\/chineserailroad\/cgi-bin\/wordpress\/sisons-china-proll-cprr-payroll-no-116-february-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1866\/\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a1\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u5f0f\u9057\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u7ec4\u961f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\u56fd\u534e\u5de5\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5bf9\u719f\u6089\u548c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdc\u79bb\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u5b64\u72ec\u5fc3\u7075\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6170\u7c4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53d6\u5f97\u8f83\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u534e\u5de5\u4f9d\u9760\u961f\u53cb\u548c\u5934\u76ee\uff0c\u4e0e\u5916\u754c\u76f8\u5bf9\u9694\u7edd\u3002\u94c1\u8def\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u540e\u52b3\u5de5\u9700\u6539\u884c\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5904\u5883\u6700\u8270\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5f81\u670d\u5929\u5811\u7684\u4eba<\/strong><br>\u7528\u201c\u5288\u5c71\u5f00\u8def\u201d\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u94c1\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u6781\u4e3a\u786e\u5207\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u65bd\u5de5\u4e0a\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u56f0\u96be\uff1a1860\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6795\u6728\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u94c1\u8def\u7269\u8d44\uff1a\u94c1\u8f68\u3001\u8f66\u8f6e\u3001\u8f66\u53a2\u3001\u9053\u9489\u3001\u673a\u8f66\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b51\u8def\u673a\u68b0\u7b49\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\u5236\u9020\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u5df4\u62ff\u9a6c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u7269\u8d44\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u6d77\u4e0a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5357\u7f8e\u5357\u7aef\u79d1\u6069\u89d2\u8fd0\u5230\u897f\u6d77\u5cb8\u3002\u4ece\u6e2f\u53e3\u5230\u5de5\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9053\u8def\u53ca\u80fd\u8f7d\u91cd\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u5929\u4ef7\u8fd0\u8f93\u6210\u672c\u548c\u9053\u8def\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u68b0\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u7b51\u8def\u53ea\u5f97\u4e3b\u8981\u9760\u4eba\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5c71\u8109\u5357\u5317\u8d70\u5411\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u8981\u8d8a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u5c71\uff0c\u4ece\u6d77\u62d430 \u82f1\u5c3a\u7684\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u76f4\u7ebf105\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5185\u6cbf\u897f\u5761\u722c\u5347\u5230\u6d77\u62d47000\u591a\u82f1\u5c3a\u7684Donner Pass\u3002\u5728\u9669\u5cfb\u9661\u5ced\u7684\u5c71\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u7206\u7834\u5ca9\u77f3\uff0c\u5728\u6cb3\u8c37\u60ac\u5d16\u4e0a\u5f00\u8f9f\u51fa\u81f3\u5c118\u82f1\u5c3a\u5bbd\u7684\u5e73\u6574\u8def\u57fa\uff0c\u57286\u30017\u5343\u82f1\u5c3a\u7684\u9ad8\u6d77\u62d4\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u5728\u575a\u786c\u7684\u82b1\u5c97\u5ca9\u5c71\u4f53\u4e0a\u5f00\u51ff\u4e8615\u6761\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u603b\u957f6213\u82f1\u5c3a\u30105\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziasznrzN0HaYJTRu2rFkDibBwrQDf3sib0eZNaUr0eYe6XVtNbbR86ic1sxXw\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e94.\u00a0\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u9ad8\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u56fe, \u96f6\u70b9\u5904\u4e3a\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\uff0c\u9876\u5cf0\u4e3aDonner Pass\u5904\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u96a7\u9053, \u4e1c\u7aef\u4e3a\u63a5\u8f68\u5904\u7684Promontory Point\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u96ea\u5c71\u964d\u6c34\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6bcf\u5e7410\u6708\u5230\u6b21\u5e744\u6708\uff0c1867-1868\u5e74\u51ac\u5b63\u4ee5\u66b4\u96ea\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u573a\u5927\u96ea\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0b\u4e86\u5341\u591a\u5929\uff0c\u79ef\u96ea\u6df1\u8fbe10\u82f1\u5c3a\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u51ac\u5929\u7684\u964d\u96ea\u603b\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc744\u82f1\u5c3a\u00a0\u30106\u3011\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\u82b1\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u6e05\u9664\u79ef\u96ea\uff0c\u5728\u96ea\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u752812\u8f86\u673a\u8f66\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u624d\u80fd\u63a8\u51fa\u4e00\u6761\u901a\u9053\u30107\u3011\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8def\u57fa\u4e0a\u65b9\u642d\u8d77\u603b\u957f37\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u9632\u96ea\u5eca\uff0c\u65bd\u5de5\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszeWwc2O8d496ov9MbT1aQCESeQoboeHyV54bCNr83jyOVm8dGZ1Bictw\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u516d. \u9ad8\u5c71\u96ea\u5eca\uff0c\u7b51\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u620f\u79f0\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6d77\u62d4\u6700\u9ad8\u4e5f\u6700\u957f\u7684\u8c37\u4ed3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNew York Public Library Robert Dennis Stereograph Collection, \u8f6c\u8f7d\u81eahttp:\/\/www.cprr.org\/Museum\/Eastward.html#Construction of the CPRR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5bbf\u8425\u5730\u968f\u7740\u94c1\u8f68\u7684\u94fa\u8bbe\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u7ed9\u5de5\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e10\u7bf7\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u534e\u5de5\u8fd8\u662f\u4f4f\u5728\u5de5\u68da\u548c\u5730\u7a9d\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u5927\u96ea\u5c01\u5c71\u7684\u5b63\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u9762\u4e0a\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u68da\u5c4b\u7684\u70df\u56f1\u548c\u901a\u6c14\u5b54\u3002\u4e0a\u73ed\u8981\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e24\u8fb9\u90fd\u662f\u96ea\u5899\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u96ea\u53f0\u9636\u4e0b\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u6447\u79fb\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u706f\u5149\u4e0b\u5e72\u6d3b\u3002&nbsp;\u5c61\u5c61\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u96ea\u5d29\u57cb\u846c\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u534e\u5de5\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5207\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u53ea\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u9057\u4f53\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u6625\u5929\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u6781\u7aef\u8270\u82e6\u548c\u5371\u9669\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u94c1\u8f68\u4f9d\u7136\u6bcf\u5929\u4e00\u5bf8\u5bf8\u5730\u5411\u524d\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f00\u51ff\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7206\u7834\u3002\u6bcf30-40\u4e2a\u534e\u5de5\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u961f\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u5de5\u5934\u5e26\u9886\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u6bcf\u5929\u4e09\u73ed\u5012\uff0c\u6bcf\u73ed\u5de5\u4f5c\u516b\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u5934\u521912\u5c0f\u65f6\u6362\u4e00\u6b21\u73ed\u30108\u3011\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u6587\u732e\u79f0\u534e\u5de5\u6bcf\u5929\u5de5\u4f5c\u5341\u4e8c\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u5de5\u4f5c\u516d\u5929\u30109\u3011\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u6316\u6d77\u62d4\u6700\u9ad8\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u56f0\u96be\u7684Donner Pass\u96a7\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u7279\u522b\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u82f1\u56fd\u4eab\u6709\u76db\u540d\u7684Cornish \u77ff\u5de5 (\u6ce8\u89e31)\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u4ece\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u5934\u5f00\u6398\uff0cCornish\u77ff\u5de5\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u5934\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u603b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08Charles Crocker\uff0c\u6ce8\u89e32\uff09\u5bf9\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8bf4\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\u5929\u7684\u65e9\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u91cf\u4e24\u8fb9\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8fd9\u8fb9\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u6bd4Cornish\u77ff\u5de5\u8fdb\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u301010\u3011\u3002\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziasz2AclDekgL785lqicY2O8zSQfOs5gqvtVWynibmjRWxn9qBCSd8d7yvJg\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e03. &nbsp;\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u76848\u53f7\u96a7\u9053\u5916\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u3002\u6765\u6e90:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>http:\/\/cprr.org\/Museum\/Steve_Heselton\/_h204.tunnel8_sh.html\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74\u8270\u82e6\u5353\u7edd\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e86\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u96ea\u5c71\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e73\u7f13\u7684\u5185\u9646\u9ad8\u539f\u76c6\u5730Great Basin\u3002\u6700\u521d\u7684\u56db\u5341\u82f1\u91cc\u5168\u662f\u6c99\u6f20\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6c34\u6e90\u66f4\u65e0\u4eba\u70df\u3002\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u533a\u57df\u5230\u8fbe\u6d2a\u5821\u6d3c\uff08Humboldt Sink\uff09\uff0c\u4e1c\u6765\u7684\u6d2a\u5821\u6cb3\u6d41\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u8017\u5c3d\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6ef4\u6c34\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5230\u8fbe\u6d77\u6d0b\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u94c1\u8def\u6cbf\u7740\u6d2a\u5821\u6cb3\u6cb3\u8c37\u5411\u4e1c\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8aGreat Basin\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u5728\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u95f4\u7b51\u8def\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u52b3\u5de5\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u4e2d\u5374\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u534e\u4eba\u30021868\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u4fee\u5230\u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\uff08Chin Gee Hee\uff09\u6b63\u6d41\u843d\u5230\u6b64\u3002\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u968f\u56de\u53f0\u5c71\u63a2\u4eb2\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u5c71\u4f2f\u201d\u6765\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u51e0\u7ecf\u8f97\u8f6c\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u4e00\u4f4d\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5bb6\u91cc\u505a\u5e2e\u5de5\u3002\u76ee\u7779\u8352\u6f20\u4e0a\u94c1\u8f68\u4e0d\u65ad\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u94c1\u9a6c\u547c\u5578\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u7b51\u8def\u5927\u519b\uff0c\u4ece\u6742\u5de5\u505a\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u9f13\u52b1\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u806a\u660e\u53c8\u52e4\u594b\u7684\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u535a\u7269\u9986\u91cc\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u8ff9\u301011\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9ad8\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u7f62\u5de5<\/strong>\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u5360\u5927\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u96c7\u7528\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u3002\u5de5\u8d44\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u4fe1\u7528\u6700\u597d\u7684\u91d1\u5e01\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6708\u5e95\u53d1\u7ed9\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\uff08\u8868\u4e00\uff09\u3002\u8868\u9762\u6570\u5b57\u4e0a\u770b\u6765\u7684\u540c\u7b49\u5de5\u8d44\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7b49\u7684\uff1a\u516c\u53f8\u7ed9\u767d\u4eba\u52b3\u5de5\u63d0\u4f9b\u98df\u5bbf\uff0c\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u5374\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u4ece\u65e9\u5e72\u5230\u665a\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7ecf\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u767d\u4eba\u5de5\u5934\u7ecf\u5e38\u7c97\u66b4\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u534e\u5de5\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszjYOeZwvbdLe4ZKhPia9yLWJeWVE1lJVErNmsxb16sicrOPvXtgWp4XJQ\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u88681&nbsp;\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u4eba\u6570\u53ca\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c 1864-1869<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1aTestimony of J. H. Strobridge, US Pacific Railway Commission, pp 3139-41, as printed in Stuart Daggett: Chapters in the History of the Southern Pacific, p 70.1867\u5e746\u670825\u65e5, \u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u4e1c\u9762\u5927\u7ea690\u82f1\u91cc\u5904\uff0c\u5728Cisco\u5230\u9876\u5cf0\u4e4b\u95f4\u79ef\u96ea\u4ecd\u672a\u5316\u5c3d\u7684\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5c71\u4e0a\u5f00\u6316\u96a7\u9053\u76843500\u540d\u534e\u5de5\u4e95\u7136\u6709\u5e8f\u5730\u653e\u4e0b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8d70\u51fa\u5de5\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u3002\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u81f3\u4eca\u4e0d\u8be6\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u63a8\u4e3e\u4ee3\u8868\u5411\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u6761\u8981\u6c42\uff1a1 . \u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u5c0f\u65f6\uff1b2. \u5de5\u8d44\u4ece\u6bcf\u670835\u7f8e\u5143\u63d0\u9ad8\u523040\u7f8e\u5143\u30023. \u5de5\u5934\u4e0d\u5f97\u6253\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u5de5\u4eba\u627e\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6743\u5229\u301012\u3011\u301013\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u51b7\u9759\u800c\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u4f7f\u516c\u53f8\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u60ca\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u5148\u662f\u6253\u7b97\u96c7\u4f63\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u83b7\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u8fd9\u62db\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u540e\u9a6c\u4e0a\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u4f9b\u7ed9\u534e\u5de5\u7cae\u98df\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u89e3\u96c7\u5168\u4f53\u7f62\u5de5\u7684\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd4\u56de\u5c71\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u9ad8\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u5403\u65e0\u559d \u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u79bb\u5f00\u8425\u5730\u3002\u516b\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\u9965\u997f\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u590d\u5de5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u6700\u540e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6708\u5de5\u8d44\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4e24\u7f8e\u5143\u301014\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u63a5\u8f68\u4e4b\u540e\u53bb\u4f55\u65b9<\/strong><br>1869\u5e745\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e1c\u897f\u4e24\u65b9\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5728Utah\u7684Promontory \u63a5\u8f68, \u5ba3\u544a\u6a2a\u8d2f\u5317\u7f8e\u5927\u9646\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u6210\u3002&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszBI8BaH9gEJydXBBSslpxwcVBqPibpgCnIVpGU9wkibSASbfDjWFbJNnw\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u516b\u00a0a. \u73b0\u5728\u7684Promontory\uff0cUtah\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6444\u4e8e2018\u5e74\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7248\u6743<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"554\" height=\"466\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16-17.png 554w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/16-17-300x252.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u516bb. \u5ca9\u77f3\u4e0a\u8fd8\u7559\u6709\u5f53\u5e74\u5f00\u5c71\u9057\u8ff9\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6444\u4e8e2018\u5e74\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7248\u6743<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"561\" height=\"472\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/17-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3548\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/17-9.png 561w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/17-9-300x252.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u516bc. \u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u8054\u5408\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u63a5\u8f68\u5904\uff0c \u00a0\u4f5c\u8005\u6444\u4e8e2018\u5e74\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7248\u6743<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1006\" height=\"689\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/18-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3549\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/18-9.png 1006w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/18-9-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/18-9-768x526.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1006px) 100vw, 1006px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u516bd. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u95e8\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5c06\u94c1\u8def\u4fee\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6444\u4e8e2018\u5e74\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7248\u6743\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c06\u4e1c\u897f\u4e24\u5cb8\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u6cbf\u7ebf\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361\u5730\u65b9\u5fd7\u79f0\u201c\u94c1\u8def\u5c06\u5916\u9762\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5e26\u7ed9\u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u9762\u524d\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u6d2a\u5821\u90e1\uff08Humboldt County\uff09\u4e2d\u5fc3\u642c\u5230\u4e86\u6e29\u5c3c\u9a6c\u5361, \u4eca\u540e\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u7e41\u8363\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u201d\u6d2a\u5821\u6cb3\u8c37\u7267\u573a\u7684\u725b\u4ed4\u81ea\u8c6a\u5730\u5c55\u671b\uff1a\u201c\u4ee5\u540e\u4e09\u85e9\u5e02\u9910\u9986\u91cc\u7684\u725b\u8089\u90fd\u5c06\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u51fa\u4ea7\u7684\u3002\u201d\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u706b\u8f66\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5c0f\u9547\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5174\u9ad8\u91c7\u70c8\uff0c\u805a\u5230\u8857\u4e0a\u559d\u9152\u3001\u671d\u5929\u5f00\u67aa\uff0c\u4ee5\u897f\u90e8\u7279\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5927\u8086\u5e86\u795d\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\u301015\u3011\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u91d1\u9489\u752b\u843d\uff0c\u6cbf\u7ebf\u5c45\u6c11\u8fd8\u6c89\u6d78\u5728\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u5927\u65a7\u4e00\u6325\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u51e0\u767e\u540d\u7559\u5728\u6cbf\u9014\u5404\u7ad9\u7684\u7ef4\u4fee\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u89e3\u96c7\u4e86\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u534e\u5de5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u4e0b\u843d\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7b51\u8def\u4eba\u884c\u5929\u4e0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u534e\u5de5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u5404\u5dde\u5efa\u9020\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u5357\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5c06\u5317\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u7ebf\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\uff0c\u7ed9\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u5e26\u67651880\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7e41\u8363\u301016\u3011\u30021870\u5e74\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\uff08Northern Pacific Railroad\uff09\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5dde\u5361\u62c9\u9a6c (Kalama) \u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u5411\u5317\u4fee\u7b51\u94c1\u8def\u4e0e\u4ece\u660e\u5c3c\u82cf\u8fbe\u5dde\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u897f\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u63a5\u8f68\uff0c\u4e5f\u62db\u6536\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u9a6c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u56ed\u00a0\uff08China Garden\uff09\u7684\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u8d70\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\uff0c\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u8499\u5927\u62ff\u5dde\u6bb5\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u5df4\u9a6c\u5230\u7530\u7eb3\u897f\u5dde\u7684Alabama and Chattanooga \u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u5b64\u661f\u5dde\u7684Houston and Texas\u94c1\u8def\u90fd\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8db3\u8ff9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u52a0\u5dde\u548c\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u7684\u77ff\u5c71\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u5efa\u4e0e\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u4e3b\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u652f\u7ebf\u30021875\u5e74\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u53bf\u7a84\u8f68\u94c1\u8def\u5f00\u5de5\uff0c\u627f\u5305\u5546\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86300\u540d\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u62db\u4e0d\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u534e\u5de5\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u53c8\u96c7\u4e86150\u540d\u767d\u4eba\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a\u6bcf\u6708\u632326\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\uff0c\u52e4\u52b3\u523b\u82e6\u53c8\u81ea\u5f8b\uff0c \u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u62b1\u6028\uff1b\u800c\u6bcf\u6708\u62ff30\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u52b3\u5de5\u5230\u53d1\u85aa\u65e5\u53bb\u559d\u9152\uff0c\u4e00\u9189\u5c31\u662f\u597d\u51e0\u5929\u3002\u4e0d\u9700\u591a\u60f3\u5c31\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9760\u534e\u5de5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u301017\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u7684\u57a6\u8352\u8005<\/strong><br>\u6ca1\u6709\u7ee7\u7eed\u7559\u5728\u94c1\u8def\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u53ea\u597d\u6539\u884c\u8c0b\u751f\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u4e2d\u90e8\u5723\u534e\u91d1\u6cb3\u548c\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u6cb3\u6c47\u6d41\u5730\u5e26\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5dde\u5730\u52bf\u4f4e\u6d3c\uff0c\u897f\u9762\u6709\u6d77\u6c34\u5012\u704c\uff0c\u6625\u5929\u878d\u96ea\u5b63\u8282\u6d2a\u6c34\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u7247\u9762\u79ef\u6570\u767e\u5e73\u65b9\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u6cbc\u6cfd\uff0c\u65e0\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u706f\u82af\u8349\u3001\u9999\u84b2\u7b49\u6c34\u751f\u690d\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u6742\u751f\u704c\u6728\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u81ea\u751f\u81ea\u706d\u3002\u519c\u573a\u4e3b\u770b\u4e0a\u4e86\u8fd9\u7247\u5bcc\u542b\u8150\u6b96\u8d28\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u7528\u8d31\u4ef7\u4ece\u653f\u5e9c\u624b\u91cc\u4e70\u6765\u3002\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u4fee\u597d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u5927\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5f00\u57a6\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u6709\u5229\u53ef\u56fe\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5ec9\u4ef7\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u66fe\u4fee\u7b51\u8fc7\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u8f6c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f00\u57a6\u4e09\u89d2\u5dde\u7684\u519c\u5de5\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u4e1c\u519c\u6751\u7684\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u6392\u6c34\u9020\u7530\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u8d9f\u7740\u6ce5\u6c34\uff0c\u65a9\u65ad\u7ea0\u7ed3\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u8349\u6728\uff0c\u758f\u6d5a\u6c34\u9053\uff1b\u4fee\u5efa\u6cb3\u5824\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u95f8\u95e8\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u89d2\u5dde\u4e0a\u7528\u56f4\u5830\u5708\u51fa\u4e00\u5ea7\u5ea7\u5c9b\u5c7f\uff0c\u5f00\u51fa\u4e00\u7247\u7247\u826f\u7530\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u79cd\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u6c34\u679c\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u6c34\u6e90\u7684\u571f\u5730\u8fd8\u9002\u5408\u79cd\u7a3b\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u7a3b\u7c73\u519c\u4e1a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8428\u514b\u62c9\u95e8\u6258\u5357\u9762\u4ecd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5927\u7247\u6c34\u7530\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u7a0b\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u90a3\u6837\u8457\u540d\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7ed9\u52a0\u5dde\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1009\" height=\"677\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/21-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/21-16.png 1009w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/21-16-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/21-16-768x515.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1009px) 100vw, 1009px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u4e5d. \u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u6e20\u9053\u89c4\u6574\uff0c\u519c\u7530\u5bcc\u9976\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aCalifornia Department of Water Resource, https:\/\/www.kcet.org\/redefine\/understanding-californias-bay-delta-in-63-photos<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9ad8\u5c71\u77ff\u533a\u4f10\u6728\u5de5<\/strong><br>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u662f\u4e0e\u77ff\u5c71\u53ca\u94c1\u8def\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4f10\u6728\u4e1a\u3002\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u5dde\u7684\u77ff\u4ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u767d\u4eba\u628a\u6301\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u4e0d\u51c6\u534e\u4eba\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u52a0\u5f00\u91c7\u3002\u5f00\u94f6\u77ff\u9700\u7528\u6728\u6750\u505a\u5df7\u9053\u652f\u67b6\uff0c\u780d\u6811\u3001\u96c6\u6750\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e0b\u5c71\u3001\u9001\u5230\u952f\u6728\u573a\u3001\u5c06\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u679d\u6748\u5356\u7ed9\u77ff\u5de5\u53d6\u6696\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u9053\u5de5\u5e8f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u529b\u3002\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u4f10\u6728\u4e1a\u4e00\u5ea6\u5904\u4e8e\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b1880\u5e74\u4ee3\u5728\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u96ea\u5c71\u68ee\u6797\u7684\u4f10\u6728\u5de5\u4e2d\u670970-80 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Chun Hock\uff09\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4ed6\u52a0\u5165\u5f53\u5730\u5f88\u5174\u65fa\u7684\u534e\u660c\u516c\u53f8\uff08Wo Chong Company\uff09\u505a\u5c0f\u8001\u677f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u672c\u6765\u505a\u8fdb\u53e3\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u53c2\u52a0\u4ee5\u540e\u4e3b\u8981\u505a\u52b3\u52a1\u627f\u5305\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5ba2\u6237\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u9700\u8981\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u4e1c\u8d77\u660e\u5c3c\u82cf\u8fbe\u7684\u5723\u4fdd\u7f57\uff08Saint Paul\uff09\uff0c \u897f\u8fbe\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5dde\u7684\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u3001\u5854\u79d1\u9a6c\u548c\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u5dde\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u5170, \u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e94\u5927\u6e56\u5730\u533a\u4e0e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u51fa\u6d77\u53e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u901a\u9053\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1003\" height=\"445\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/22-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/22-12.png 1003w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/22-12-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/22-12-768x341.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1003px) 100vw, 1003px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u5341. \u00a0\u5317\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c1882\u5e749\u6708 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90\uff1aLibrary of Congress\u968f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5bf9\u534e\u5de5\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u84b8\u84b8\u65e5\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u52b3\u52a1\u627f\u5305\u5546\u9664\u4e86\u62db\u52df\u5916\u4e5f\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b89\u6392\u98df\u5bbf\u3001\u53d1\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u62a5\u7a0e\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u94c1\u8def\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u4fee\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5317\u94c1\u8def\uff08Grant Northern Railroad\uff09\u3001\u897f\u96c5\u56fe-\u74e6\u62c9\u74e6\u62c9\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u52b3\u52a1\u627f\u5305\u3002\u505a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u9879\u76ee\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5de5\u5546\u754c\u540d\u6c14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u4e0a\u5347\u4e3a\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9886\u8896\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>1885\u5e7411\u6708\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u5854\u79d1\u9a6c\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u534e\u66b4\u4e71\u3002\u5728\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u66b4\u5f92\u4eec\u628a\u534e\u4eba\u9a71\u8d76\u5230\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8feb\u4ed6\u4eec\u6cbf\u7740\u8fd9\u676112\u5e74\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u534e\u5de5\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u70e7\u6bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5e97\u94fa\u623f\u5c4b\u3002\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u6ce2\u53ca\u3002\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u8fc5\u901f\u7528\u7535\u62a5\u5411\u4e09\u85e9\u5e02\u7684\u6e05\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u62a5\u544a\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u534e\u4eba\u8d22\u4ea7\u906d\u53d7\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u5f97\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7d22\u53d6\u5230\u8d54\u507f\u3002\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u5728\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ecf\u5546\u52301904\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u4ed6\u5c06\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u751f\u610f\u7559\u7ed9\u513f\u5b50\u548c\u5973\u5a7f\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u301019\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u6d77\u5f52\u534e\u5de5<\/strong><br>\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u6d0b\u52a1\u8fd0\u52a8\uff081861-1895\uff09\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ece\u897f\u65b9\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6e05\u671d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u56fd\u6709\u5e76\u957f\u671f\u8425\u8fd0\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5510\uff08\u5c71\uff09\u80e5\uff08\u5404\u5e84\uff09\u94c1\u8def\u4e8e 1881\u5e74\u5efa\u6210\uff1b1893\u5e74\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5929\u6d25\u81f3\u5c71\u6d77\u5173\uff0c\u6539\u79f0\u6d25\u6986\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u6d77\u5f52\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u30021896\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5929\u6d25\u7684\u9886\u4e8bSheridan P. Read \u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd0\u8425\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u5230\u5458\u5de5\u4e2d\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u4e2d\u82f1\u53cc\u8bed\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5458\u30021896\u5e742\u6708 \u5de5\u7a0b\u65b0\u95fb\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u4f1a\u520a (Engineering News and American Railway Journal) \u767b\u8f7d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u4fee\u7b51\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3001\u5185\u534e\u8fbe\u548c\u72b9\u4ed6\u4fee\u5efa\u8fc7\u8d2f\u901a\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fee\u5efa\u8fc7\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u901a\u5f80\u5317\u65b9\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u548c\u5357\u65b9\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u201d\u301020\u3011\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81f3\u4eca\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u662f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u4e8b\u4e1a\u505a\u51fa\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u6d77\u5f52\u3002\u56de\u56fd\u4ee5\u540e\u4ed6\u4e3b\u6301\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5b81\u9633\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u65b0\u5b81\uff08\u53f0\u5c71\uff09\u548c\u65b0\u4f1a\u5883\u5185\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u5168\u957f59.3 \u516c\u91cc\uff0c1906\u5e74\u5f00\u5de5\uff0c1909\u5e74\u901a\u8f66\u3002\u4fee\u5efa\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u91d1\u90fd\u7531\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u81ea\u7b79\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u7b49\u4ece\u6d77\u5916\u7b79\u96c6\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u5c31\u6709270\u591a\u4e07\u94f6\u5143\u301021\u3011\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7b51\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u534e\u4eba\u3002\u53f0\u5c71\u5e02\u7279\u5730\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7acb\u7891\u5851\u50cf\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u4e8b\u4e1a\u548c\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"650\" height=\"743\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/23-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/23-8.png 650w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/23-8-262x300.png 262w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u5341\u4e00. \u00a0\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5b81\u57ce\u8f66\u7ad9\u65c1\u7684\u9648\u5b9c\u79a7\u94dc\u50cf \u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hans\/\u65b0\u5b81\u94c1\u8def<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9910\u9986\u91cc\uff0c\u8001\u677f\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u6b64\u5730\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f66\u7ad9\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u7b51\u90a3\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u534e\u5de5\u3002\u65f6\u5149\u834f\u82d2\uff0c\u4e00\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u3001\u98de\u673a\u3001\u7269\u6d41\u7f51\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u3001\u7fa4\u5c71\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u4e09\u4e2a\u673a\u8f66\u63a8\u62c9\u7740\u957f\u5ea6\u51e0\u82f1\u91cc\u3001\u8f66\u53a2\u6570\u767e\u8282\u7684\u706b\u8f66\uff0c\u5c06\u96c6\u88c5\u7bb1\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u91cd\u578b\u673a\u68b0\u7b49\u9001\u5f80\u5404\u5904\u3002Amtrak\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5230\u4e09\u85e9\u5e02\u3001\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cbf\u7740\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6d77\u5cb8\u7ebf\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c\u65c5\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8212\u9002\u5730\u5c3d\u8d4f\u6cbf\u9014\u58ee\u4e3d\u98ce\u5149\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u611f\u8c22\u6d41\u8840\u6d41\u6c57\u5efa\u9020\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u534e\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u751f\u547d\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u8fd0\u90fd\u6562\u4e8e\u62c5\u5f85\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u79bb\u5f00\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u811a\u5370\u5728\u65f6\u5149\u7684\u6c99\u6d77\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6ce8\u89e33\uff09\u534e\u5de5\u524d\u8f88\u4eec\u6709\u7684\u65e0\u58f0\u65e0\u606f\u5730\u6545\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5728\u6392\u534e\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u3001\u88ab\u8d76\u8d70\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u534e\u5de5\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6761\u6a2a\u8d2f\u94c1\u8def\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4eca\u5929\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u30021999\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u8bae\u5458John T. Doolittle \u5728\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u7684\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u62ff\u7740\u5fae\u8584\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u5728\u51db\u51bd\u5bd2\u5929\u91cc\u3001\u8270\u9669\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u80fc\u624b\u80dd\u8db3\uff0c\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u524d\u8fdb\u5fc5\u63a8\u8fdf\u591a\u5e74\u3002\u534e\u5de5\u4eec\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u7edd\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f4e\u4f30\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4ed6\u5411\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u4f1a\u6df1\u81f4\u656c\u610f\u301022\u3011\u3002<br>\u534e\u5de5\u524d\u8f88\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u7ee9\u6c38\u5782\u4e0d\u673d\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"995\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/24-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/24-4.png 995w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/24-4-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/24-4-768x317.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 995px) 100vw, 995px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe11\uff0cGreat Basin\u4e2d\u4e0eI-80\u516c\u8def\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u3002&nbsp;\u4f5c\u8005\u6444\u4e8e2018\u5e74, \u62e5\u6709\u7248\u6743<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Transcontinental Railroad in America was built from 1865 to 1869, which connected East and West coasts of American Continent for the first time in the history. &nbsp;More than ten thousands of Chinese workers constructed the most dangerous segment of this railroad. &nbsp;Over the treacherous terrain of Sierra Nevada Mountains, enduring extreme weather, Chinese construction workers toiled to blast tunnels, chip away granite cliffs and lay hundreds of miles of &nbsp;track. &nbsp;Many lives perished under such dangerous conditions. &nbsp;However they were \u201csilent spikes\u201d, as no Chinese worker was confirmed to have attended the ceremony to celebrate the railroad completion in May, 1869.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article tells stories of Chinese railroad workers: their courage to overcome challenges to build this great engineering project as well as their life after its completion. 2019 will mark the 150th anniversary of the opening of the Transcontinental Railroad. Following footprints of Chinese workers, revisiting this significant part of the history, the article demonstrates Chinese railroad workers\u2019 remarkable contributions to building this great nation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"100%\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/Cm7eSowPvLTYBZZmogkicBj7wQWB1ziaszYm0NPydyQpGlF6o0cyvq64ZICqDy5mmpN1byZIHIut4TicePwSbF8Eg\/640\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u534e\u8054\u76df\uff1a\u7f8e\u534e\u5386\u53f2\u5199\u4f5c\u7ec4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Title: Following Foot Prints of Transcontinental Railroad Builders&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6c34\u6587&nbsp;\uff08Zhida Song-James\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u65b9\u5f3a\uff0c \u738b\u4e66\u529f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Cornish Miners\u5eb7\u6c83\u5c14\u77ff\u5de5\uff1a\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u897f\u5357\u89d2\u7684\u5eb7\u6c83\u5c14\u90e1\uff08Cornwall\uff09\u6709\u4e0a\u5343\u5e74\u5f00\u53d1\u9521\u77ff\u548c\u94dc\u77ff\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u77ff\u5de5\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u65e9\u4e5f\u6700\u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u5f00\u51ff\u96a7\u9053\u8005\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u5eb7\u6c83\u5c14\u77ff\u5de5&nbsp;\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Charles Crocker \u67e5\u5c14\u65af \u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u56db\u5de8\u5934\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u94c1\u8def\u65bd\u5de5\u603b\u76d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8 Charles Croker &amp;Co. \u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u5206\u5305\u5546\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5357\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u94c1\u8def\u516c\u53f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u96c6Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (\u6717\u8d39\u7f57)\u4eba\u751f\u793c\u8d5e&nbsp;(A Psalm of life) \u8bd7\u53e5\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.Samuel&nbsp;Montague, Report of the Chief Engineer upon Recent Surveys and Progress of Construction of the Central Pacific Railroad of California.&#8221; December, 1865. Courtesy of Lynn D. Farrar. http:\/\/www.cprr.org\/Museum\/Chinese.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.&nbsp;Mae H. B. Boggs, My Playhouse Was a Concord Coach (Oakland, 1942): 310. &nbsp;Quoted from the June 15, 1858, issue of the Sacramento Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.&nbsp;Southern Pacific Relations Memorandum: The Chinese Role in Building the Central Pacific, Jan. 3, 1966. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.&nbsp;Charles Nordhoff, California,&nbsp;a Book for Travelers and Settlers (N. Y., 1873): 189-190.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5.&nbsp;John R. Gillis, &#8220;Tunnels of the Pacific Railroad.&#8221; In Van Nostrand&#8217;s Eclectic Engineering Magazine,&nbsp;January 5, 1870, 418-423.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6.&nbsp;Mark McLaughlin, Reign&nbsp;of The Sierra Storm King: A Weather History of Donner Pass, P7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7.&nbsp;Iris Chang, The Chinese In America&nbsp;A Narrative History (New York: Penguin Group USA, 2003): 60.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8.&nbsp;George Kraus, Chinese Laborers and the Construction of the Central Pacific, in Utah Historical Quarterly, Vol 37, No. 1(&nbsp;Winter 1969): 41-49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9.&nbsp;Zhang\uff0c2003: 61.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10.&nbsp;Ronald Takaki: Stranger from a Deferent Shore: A History of Chinese America (Boston: Little Brown, 1990): 84.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11.&nbsp;Nevada State Museum&nbsp;Exhibit\uff0cLas Vegas,&nbsp;2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12.&nbsp;Steven M.Graves:The Impact of the Railroad:The Iron Horse andtheOctopus:11,&nbsp;http:\/\/www.csun.edu\/~sg4002\/courses\/417\/readings\/rail.pdf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13.&nbsp;Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Project at Stanford University,http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/group\/chineserailroad\/cgi-bin\/wordpress\/faqs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14.&nbsp;Peter Kwong and Dusanka Miscevic: Chinese America the Untold Story of America\u2019s Oldest New Community (New York: New Press, 2005): 55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15.J.P.Marden:The History of Winnemucca,The Central Pacific&nbsp; &nbsp;Railroad&nbsp;http:\/\/cprr.org\/Museum\/Winnemucca_Marden.pdf&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16.&nbsp;Graves: 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17. Bob Wyckoff:&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201dGrass Valley\u2019s Chinatown\uff1bnot forgotten\u201d in The Union. August 21, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18.&nbsp;Sue Fawn Chung: The Chinese and Green Gold: Limbering in the Sierras, June 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19.&nbsp;Willard G. Jue, &#8220;Chin Gee-Hee, Chinese Pioneer Entrepreneur in Seattle and Toishan&#8221;, The Annals of the Chinese Historical Society of the Pacific Northwest, 1983, 31:38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20.&nbsp;The First Railway in China, Engineering News and American Railway Journal, Feb. 17, 1896.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21.&nbsp;Lucie Cheng and Liu Yuzun with Zheng Dehua, \u201cChinese Emigration, the Sunning Railway and the Development of Toishan\u201d in Amerasia Vol 9, No1 (1982): 59-74.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22.Archive:gov\/us\/fed\/congress\/record\/1999\/apr\/29\/1999CRE822A [Congressional Record: April 29, 1999 (Extensions); Page E822.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-191.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3554\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-191.png 200w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-191-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-191-50x50.png 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0: \u534e\u88d4\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5171\u540c\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d77\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5927\u534e\u4eba\u51dd\u805a\u65cf\u7fa4\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u575a\u97e7\u4e0d\u62d4\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u4e8e\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u81ea\u5c0a\u3001\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u81ea\u5f3a\u3001\u81ea\u7acb\u662f\u534e\u88d4\u65cf\u7fa4\u5c79\u7acb\u7684\u6839\u672c\u548c\u4f20\u4e16\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5206\u6563\u5230\u5929\u6daf\u4f55\u5904\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5bb6\u8c31\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u56e2\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u534e\u88d4\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5171\u540c\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u662f\u5524\u9192\u540c\u80de\u65cf\u7fa4\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u548c\u57fa\u7840, \u8fdb\u800c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u540c\u80de\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u653e\u5728\u634d\u536b\u65cf\u7fa4\u5229\u76ca\u4e0a\u3002\u653e\u4e0b\u515a\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u5171\u8fdb\u643a\u624b\u540c\u884c\u3002\u8bf7\u5404\u4f4d\u540c\u80de\u62ff\u51fa\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u62c5\u5f53\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u52aa\u529b\u628a\u300a\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u6240\u6709\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5bb6\u56ed\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"77\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2-97.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2-97.png 640w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2-97-300x36.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Copyright\u00a9\u00a0\u00a0The Association of Chinese Americans for Social Justice\uff0eAll rights reserved. \u00a0Materials may be copied or distributed, with written permission only. \u7f8e\u534e\u8054\u76df\u62e5\u6709\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\u7248\u6743\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u9700\u8981\u4e66\u9762\u6388\u6743\u3002\u7ef4\u6743\u5fc5\u7a76\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-97.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-97.png 500w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-97-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-97-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-97-50x50.png 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1\uff09\u8d5e\u8d4f<\/strong>(\u957f\u6309\u5de6\u4fa7\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801)\uff01\u8c22\u8c22\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2\uff09PayPal \u6350\u8d60\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0chineseforsocialjustice@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-93-1024x320.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-93-1024x320.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-93-300x94.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-93-768x240.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-93.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u300a\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u662f\u7531\u7f8e\u534e\u8054\u76df\u5199\u4f5c\u7ec4\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u56de\u987e\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u540c\u80de\u3001\u8b66\u9192\u540e\u4eba\u3001\u601d\u8003\u672a\u6765\u3002\u51e1\u559c\u7231\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u52a0\u5165\u300a\u7f8e\u534e\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u7fa4\u7684\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u8bf7\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u7f8e\u534e\u8054\u76df\u662f\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5546\u5bb6\u82e5\u613f\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u5408\u4f5c\u8fd9\u9879\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u9879\u76ee\u6301\u7eed\u548c\u7eb5\u6df1\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8005\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\uff1ainfo@chineseforsocialjustice.org\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1achineseforsocialjustice.org\u534f\u529e\uff1a\u4e9a\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u534e\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u534f\u4f1a (ACHA)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5168\u56fd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(NCCA)<br>\u7b2c3\u671f\u7f16\u59d4 (8\/2018- \u00a0)\uff1a<br>\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u65b9\u5f3a\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16: \u738b\u4e66\u529f\u3001\u5468\u6d01\u3001\u5d14\u51ac\u5a1f\u3001\u8d3a\u5efa\u658c<br>\u7b2c2\u671f\u7f16\u59d4 (3\/2018-8\/2018)\uff1a\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u65b9\u5f3a\u3001\u6267\u884c\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u82cf\u6b23\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u6f58\u79cb\u8fb0\u3001Steven Chen\u3001\u8d3a\u5efa\u658c<br>\u7b2c1\u671f\u7f16\u59d4 (9\/2017-3\/2018)\uff1a\u4e3b\u3000\u7f16\uff1a\u738b\u6636\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1aSteven Chen\u3001\u6f58\u79cb\u8fb0<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzIzNDQyODUzMw==&amp;tempkey=MTA5NV9oRGRkbnhpWi9qbjFTMzlpX1l2ZXptWm5ueXVySHVDSDdaeDdiYTk0cl9NZklRZWdQUnBVN3Z2RDAwU2s3WFZ1NXhvRTd2WlphT19OdHNfX181d3I2WTV2UEUzRS10MEh6MUNKMjQ5d0FHSDBnaV9wQ3dLYU1LYnZHcXV3M3pRMkVXbGdCRnBGeE1NM3VuMW9NOGF5aVQwRUJjLWtpeDJJOUdOOHFBfn4%3D&amp;chksm=68f7cf745f80466248a9d9e83abe097a7f27100fc3de63a5cb04ed771791c980431a123813b4##\">\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5317\u7f8e\u65b0\u89c6\u754c2020-05-09 \u4e94\u6708\u5341\u53f7\u662f\u7f8e\u6d32\u5927\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d21\u732e\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6210\u4e3a\u534e\u793e\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u91cd\u78c5\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e86\u7b51\u8def\u534e\u5de5\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\u548c\u5949\u732e\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u94ed\u8bb0\u548c\u81ea\u8c6a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3541"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3541"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3541\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3558,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3541\/revisions\/3558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3541"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3541"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}