{"id":1283,"date":"2020-12-20T21:08:28","date_gmt":"2020-12-20T21:08:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/?p=1283"},"modified":"2021-01-11T21:39:52","modified_gmt":"2021-01-11T21:39:52","slug":"%e4%b8%93%e5%ae%b6%e7%89%b9%e7%a8%bf%e2%96%8f%e5%8d%8e%e8%a3%94%e9%9d%92%e5%b0%91%e5%b9%b4%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e8%ae%a4%e5%90%8c%ef%bc%9a%e7%90%86%e8%ae%ba%ef%bc%8c%e7%8e%b0%e8%b1%a1%e5%88%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/?p=1283","title":{"rendered":"\u4e13\u5bb6\u7279\u7a3f\u258f\u534e\u88d4\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\uff1a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u73b0\u8c61\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5efa\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5415\u884c (Xing Lu)&nbsp;<a href=\"javascript:void(0);\">\u5317\u7f8e\u65b0\u89c6\u754c<\/a><em>2019-08-18<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u6d77\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u5730\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bb8\u591a\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0a\u5f88\u56f0\u60d1\u3001\u5f88\u8ff7\u832b\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5bb6\u5ead\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>\u5415\u884c\u5973\u58eb\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fb7\u4fdd\u7f57\u5927\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u5b66\u9662\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\uff08Professor of Emeritus,&nbsp;College of Communication,DePaul University\uff09\u3002\u5979\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u6765\u7f8e\u7559\u5b66\u540e\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u4ece\u4e8b\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u5979\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u76ee\u7779\u4e86\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5973\u513f\u7684\u6210\u957f\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u5979\u5728\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u7684\u8ff7\u60d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u5e76\u505a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u520a\u7269\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u672c\u671f\u520a\u53d1\u5415\u884c\u6559\u6388\u7684\u4e13\u7a3f\uff0c\u5979\u5c06\u9996\u6b21\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u9610\u8ff0\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4eb2\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6839\u6e90\u548c\u8bef\u533a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728\u534e\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u91cc\u5bb6\u957f\u4e0e\u5b50\u5973\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u534e\u88d4\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eb2\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u548c\u7766\u76f8\u5904\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5171\u540c\u6210\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-107.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3839\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Collierand Thomas (1988) \u7ed9\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u88ab\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u63a5\u53d7\u5e76\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u6587\u5316\u89c4\u8303\u201d\uff08113\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u4e60\u4fd7\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8eab\u4efd\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e14\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Ting-Toomey(1993) \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6c9f\u901a\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u7528\u5979\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4ea4\u6d41\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u5728\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u91cd\u89c6\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u7ed9\u4e0e\u5bf9\u65b9\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u52a0\u4ee5\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u201d\uff0873\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c \u6709\u4e9b\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u4ecd\u59cb\u7ec8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5bb6\u4eba\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u5931\u843d\u611f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u80af\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u5927\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u4e8c\u4ee3\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u67d0\u6587\u5316\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u6216\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u4e2d\u56fd\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u7fa4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c (self-perception)\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u8ba4\u540c&nbsp;(other and societal perception) \u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4ec5\u662f\u8bf8\u591a\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u7279\u70b9&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u9664\u4e86\u524d\u9762\u8bf4\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u5728\u6c9f\u901a\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u79fb\u6c11\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5927\u5b66\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5df2\u7ecf\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5916\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u5316\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u53ca\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u62a5\u5bfc\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u975e\u88d4\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u4f1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u767d\u4eba\u5974\u5f79\u548c\u88ab\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u88ab\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5fb7\u56fd\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u5207\u8bb0\u88ab\u6d0b\u4eba\u6b3a\u8d1f\u548c\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60b2\u60e8\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d9\u8ff0\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65cf\u7fa4\u4ea7\u751f\u6781\u5927\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u8981\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u9ad8\u51fa\u5341\u500d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c45\u9886\u5bfc\u804c\u52a1\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u767d\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u975e\u88d4\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u5c55\u793a\u4e9a\u88d4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e9a\u88d4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u4ecd\u7136\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u5f88\u5c11\u89c1\u5230\u4e9a\u88d4\u9762\u5b54\u548c\u542c\u5230\u4e9a\u88d4\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e9a\u88d4\u5728\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u66f4\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e Abrams (1992) \u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c \u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5206\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u60c5\u611f\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u67d0\u4eba\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u65f6\u4f1a\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u6170\u548c\u8212\u670d\u611f\uff0c\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u529b\u4f1a\u63d0\u5347\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u65cf\u7fa4\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u81ea\u613f\u6216\u88ab\u8feb\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba19\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\u521a\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u89c6\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6162\u6162\u5730\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u793e\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u7956\u7c4d\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9694\u79bb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ea7\u751f\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u613f\u878d\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u5206\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u6839\u636e Giles,Bourhis, and Taylor (1977) \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u65cf\u7fa4\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5fe0\u8bda\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5458\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u522b\u544a\u8bc9\u5979\u300b\uff08The Farewell\uff09\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b59\u5973\u548c\u5979\u7956\u6bcd\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_jpg\/r8JcWgH9QNg4mYKFBl2eo9icqBMPXnV9ZeWNCl5akuia2KfiaSMpkiczqHd2msY75SwAiajEO20icYJU1rvZf2sR3ibvg\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b59\u5973\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u5bb6\u4eba\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5979\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5c0a\u91cd\u957f\u8f88\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6210\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u957f\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u53c8\u4f7f\u5979\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u540c\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u7956\u6bcd\u60a3\u764c\u75c7\u5374\u4e0d\u544a\u8bc9\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e60\u4fd7\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u544a\u8bc9\u75c5\u4eba\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u7cfb\u6574\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u548c\u7766\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u7ed9\u75c5\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u5fc3\u7406\u538b\u529b\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e9\u4ea1\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u771f\u76f8\u6bd4\u5584\u610f\u9690\u7792\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c \u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u7ea0\u7ed3\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u89c2\u5ff5\u91cc\u9762\uff0c \u5979\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u591a\u9762\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>&nbsp;\u6587\u5316\u9002\u5e94\u7406\u8bba&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><\/strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e00\u76f4\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u767d\u4eba\u624b\u91cc\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u5316\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3 (eurocentrism)\uff0c\u5e76\u671f\u5f85\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u4e0a\u878d\u5165\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u30021964\u5e74 Milton Gordon \u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u9898\u76ee\u662f\u300aAssimilation in American Life\u300b\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\uff0cGordon \u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a<strong>\u4e00\u662f\u9002\u5e94\u767d\u4eba\u6587\u5316\uff0c \u4e8c\u662f\u52a0\u5165\u5927\u7194\u7089 \uff08melting pot\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u662f\u6587\u5316\u591a\u5143\u3002<\/strong>\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u653e\u5f03\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5e76\u5b8c\u5168\u63a5\u53d7\u767d\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u3002\u6587\u5316\u591a\u5143\u662f\u6307\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e0e\u767d\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c \u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u4ee5\u767d\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7559\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u548c\u8bb2\u79fb\u6c11\u672c\u65cf\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4f1a\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bf9\u667a\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e9a\u88d4\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u91cc\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u201c\u6a21\u8303\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u201d (model minority)\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u90fd\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u3002\u5f88\u591a1965\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6210\u529f\u534e\u88d4\u4ece\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u642c\u5230\u90ca\u533a\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e9a\u88d4\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u9664\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u548c\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\uff08\u65e0\uff09\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5f88\u5c11\u534e\u4eba\u6709\u88ab\u63d0\u5347\u9ad8\u7ba1\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u9762\u5bf9\u5929\u82b1\u677f\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534e\u88d4\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5f88\u6cae\u4e27\u548c\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u518d\u600e\u4e48\u52aa\u529b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u671f\u5f85\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u9075\u5faa\u548c\u878d\u5165\u767d\u4eba\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6392\u65a5\u548c\u6b67\u89c6\u662f\u81ea\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Martinand Nakayama (2013) \u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Social scientificperspective\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba \u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u8be2\u95ee\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56de\u7b54\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8be0\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Interpretiveperspective\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u5982\u9762\u8c08\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u534e\u88d4\u5404\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u50cf\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4e2d\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5bfb\u6839\u4e4b\u65c5\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u67e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u79fb\u6c11\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u600e\u6837\u9002\u5e94\u6216\u4e0d\u9002\u5e94\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong>\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8981\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u534e\u88d4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4ece\u88ab\u6b3a\u8fb1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5230\u6a21\u8303\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u6216\u7834\u88c2\u9636\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u534e\u88d4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8be0\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6279\u8bc4\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>&nbsp;\u65b0\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u7279\u70b9&nbsp;<br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4ee5\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4ece1848\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u529b\u662f\u6dd8\u91d1\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4fee\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u52a1\u519c\u5f53\u5de5\u4eba\u6216\u5f00\u996d\u5e97\u548c\u6d17\u8863\u5e97\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9996\u6279\u534e\u4eba\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u4e1c\u548c\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u5355\u8eab\u5e74\u8f7b\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb2\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5510\u4eba\u8857\u91cc\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d7\u5c3d\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u5265\u524a\u548c\u6b3a\u8fb1\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u534e\u4eba\u8fd8\u88ab\u63a0\u593a\u8d22\u4ea7\u548c\u88ab\u67aa\u6740 (Chang\uff0c2003)\u30021882\u5e74\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6392\u534e\u6cd5\u6848\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7ed9\u4e88\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u6cd5\u6848\u76f4\u52301943\u5e74\u624d\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u9053\u548c\u7531\u4e8e\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u533b\u62a4\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u9700\u8981\u57281965\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u6cd5\u6848(The Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1965)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6848\u5141\u8bb8\u76f4\u7cfb\u4eb2\u5c5e\u548c\u6709\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u79fb\u6c11\u6765\u81ea\u4e9a\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\uff0c\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u591a\u5143\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u5916\u5c01\u95ed\uff0c1965\u5e74\u81f31980 \u521d\u5e74\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5f00\u59cb\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u516c\u6d3e\u548c\u81ea\u8d39\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5f00\u59cb\u6d8c\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u7814\u3002\u540e\u6765\u7531\u4e8e1989\u5e74\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u76845\u4e074\u5343\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u83b7\u5f97\u7eff\u5361\uff08\u6c38\u4e45\u5c45\u7559\u6743\uff09\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002(The Chinese Student Protecting Act of 1992\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u6bd4\u8d77\u8001\u4e00\u4ee3\u534e\u4fa8\uff0c1965\u4ee5\u540e\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u5728\u672c\u56fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u8bb2\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u6709\u6280\u672f\u548c\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6295\u8d44\u79fb\u6c11\u8fd8\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u591a\u8d44\u672c\u548c\u8d22\u5bcc\u3002\u8fd9\u6279\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u540e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u751f\u513f\u80b2\u5973\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u79d1\u6280\u7535\u8111\u533b\u836f\u8d22\u4f1a\u7b49\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6279\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u6210\u5e74\u540e\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5df2\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u5f88\u96be\u771f\u6b63\u878d\u5408\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u63a5\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5e76\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u7531\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u9694\u9602\u5f88\u96be\u771f\u6b63\u6253\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u4e0a\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6bcd\u8bed\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u8303\u56f4\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u540c\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u53d7\u5929\u82b1\u677f\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u6323\u624e\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u603b\u611f\u5230\u201c\u8eab\u5728\u5f02\u4e61\u4e3a\u5f02\u5ba2\u201d\uff0c&#8221;\u4ed6\u4e61&#8221;\u96be\u6210&#8221;\u543e\u4e61&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6587\u5316\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0a\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5173\u6ce8\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e2a\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u81ea\u5df1\u5229\u76ca\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u8bb2\u957f\u5e7c\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u63a8\u5d07\u5e73\u7b49\u5f85\u4eba\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e92\u76f8\u63d0\u643a\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u4f9d\u5b58\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5d07\u5c1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u4e3b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u79fb\u6c11\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br>\u6839\u636e Kim (2002) \u7684\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5:<strong>\u871c\u6708 (honey moon) \u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5371\u673a (crisis) \u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u9002\u5e94 (adjustment, adaptation) \u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0(new self) \u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"338\" height=\"149\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-105.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-105.png 338w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/1-105-300x132.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u871c\u6708\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u597d\u5947\u3001\u65b0\u9c9c\u611f\uff0c\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u521d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u5728\u5f02\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u4e61\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9047\u4e0a\u4e0d\u987a\u5fc3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5982\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u95ee\u9898\u9020\u6210\u6c9f\u901a\u8bef\u4f1a\u6216\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u6b67\u89c6\u6216\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u5371\u673a\u611f\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u7126\u8651\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u5f02\u5730\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u505a\u5230\u5165\u4e61\u968f\u4fd7\u3002\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5316\u548c\u8715\u53d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u4f46\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u8d70\u5b8c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3001\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5206\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u8d70\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u517c\u5bb9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u4e60\u4fd7\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u987a\u5229\u5730\u8d70\u8fc7\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u534e\u88d4\u79fb\u6c11\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u505c\u7559\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><strong>&nbsp;\u534e\u88d4\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7279\u5f81&nbsp;<br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u5b50\u5973\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-136.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1284\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-640x640.png 640w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-138.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u79fb\u6c11\u7236\u6bcd\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u6559\u80b2\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u8981\u6c42\u5b69\u5b50\u5c0a\u91cd\u957f\u8f88\uff0c\u542c\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u7740\u60f3\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u4e0a\u5b66\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u88ab\u5bb6\u957f\u704c\u8f93\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5584\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f85\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u6562\u4e8e\u6311\u6218\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bfe\u5916\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u516c\u76ca\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e0e\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u5728\u5bb6\u91cc\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4ea7\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u63aa\u3002\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7f04\u9ed8\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u516c\u76ca\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u79ef\u6781\u6216\u53d7\u5230\u5bb6\u957f\u7684\u963b\u62e6\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u8001\u5e08\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u5b66\u5bf9\u534e\u88d4\u5b50\u5973\u4ea7\u751f\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\uff0c 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src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-640x640.png 640w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30-50x50.png 50w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/3-30.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" 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and Gonzalez (1998)\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c \u4fdd\u6301\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9014\u7ecf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u91c7\u8bbf\u7684\u5bb6\u957f\u90fd\u662f\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u8bfb\u4e66\u540e\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u878d\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u70c8\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u4f20\u6388\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f7f\u5b83\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4ea4\u573a\u6240\u548c\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u3002\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u4ea4\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u9002\u5e94\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u652f\u6301\u548c\u7ed9\u4e88\u5fc3\u7406\u5b89\u6170\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u6839\u636eSue and Sue \uff082002\uff09\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4e9a\u88d4\u5b50\u5973\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u8981\u7ecf\u53865\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u9075\u4ece (conformity)\uff0c\u53cd\u5dee (dissonance)\uff0c\u62b5\u5236 (resistance)\uff0c\u53cd\u601d (introspection)\uff0c\u6eb6\u5408 (integration)\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-23-1024x684.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2494\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-23-1024x684.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-23-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-23-768x513.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/4-23.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9075\u4ece\u662f\u6307\u5728\u521d\u7ea7\u9636\u6bb5\u4e9a\u88d4\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u3001\u5411\u5f80\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002\u53cd\u5dee\u662f\u6307\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u52aa\u529b\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u773c\u91cc\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff08perpetual foreigner\uff09\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u95ee\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u662f\u4ece\u54ea\uff08\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09\u6765\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4f60\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8bf4\u5f97\u771f\u597d\u201d\u3002\u62b5\u5236\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u6307\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u672c\u65cf\u7fa4\u6587\u5316\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u4e3a\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u672c\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6587\u5316\u611f\u5230\u6127\u759a\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u8a00\u884c\u4e3e\u6b62\u4e0a\u5411\u672c\u65cf\u7fa4\u6587\u5316\u9760\u62e2\u3002\u5982\u5f00\u59cb\u5403\u548c\u5b66\u505a\u4e2d\u9910\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6587\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u53cd\u601d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u6e38\u79bb\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u6210\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6216\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u8c6a\uff0c\u6b23\u8d4f\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u89c6\u91ce\u548c\u65e0\u9650\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u626e\u6f14\u6587\u5316\u6c9f\u901a\u4f7f\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff08cultural ambassador\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u6216\u5b8c\u6210\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd95\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u957f\u671f\u505c\u7559\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u90fd\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u4e86(doublemarginalization)\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7d22\u6027\u5c31\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u751f\u6d3b (living a double life)\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u7d20\u8d28\uff0c\u6027\u683c\u7b49\u5185\u5728\u5916\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ea7\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>2007\u5e74\u6211\u548c\u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751fShi Xiwowei\u5171\u540c\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ffd\u8e2a\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e8610\u4e2a 12-15\u5c81\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c11\u5e74\u548c10\u4e2a18-20\u5c81\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u5728\u5c11\u5e74\u7ec4\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f1a\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6587\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u88ab\u5bb6\u957f\u5f3a\u8feb\u53bb\u4e2d\u6587\u5b66\u6821\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u3002\u5bb6\u957f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ba1\u6559\u592a\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u6709\u65f6\u5f88\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u8fd8\u6709\u88ab\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u9752\u5e74\u7ec4\u91cc\uff0c\u88ab\u91c7\u8bbf\u8005\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80fd\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6587\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u540e\u6094\u5c0f\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u8868\u793a\u611f\u8c22\u7236\u6bcd\u575a\u6301\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e2d\u6587\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0a\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u540e\u4e3b\u52a8\u9009\u4e0a\u4e2d\u6587\u8bfe\u3002\u4e3b\u52a8\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u52a0\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6691\u671f\u73ed\u3002\u5728\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u517c\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u5e76\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6e34\u671b\u5b8c\u5168\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u56f0\u60d1\u548c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5c0f\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u591a\u5143\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6210\u4e3a\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f(ethnic pride)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u8d70\u5411\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong>\u968f\u7740\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u589e\u957f\u548c\u6240\u53d7\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9752\u5e74\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u52a0\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u66f4\u6709\u591a\u9762\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u534e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6797\u5609\u71d5\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u5c31\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8003\u8651\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u79bb\u5f00\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6821\u95e8\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u518d\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u9762\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bfb\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u60f3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u60f3\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u5f88\u5014\u5f3a\u5730\u4e3b\u5f20\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u613f\u610f\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u8651\u8ddf\u6211\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e89\u53d6\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5efa\u8bae&nbsp;<br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u600e\u6837\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5fc3\u7406\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u6109\u5feb\u5730\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u751f\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5bb6\u957f\u7684\u5fc3\u613f\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u957f\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u534e\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5b69\u5b50\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u81ea\u6211\u618e\u6068\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d6\u60a6\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u5728\u5bb6\u987a\u4ece\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u5b66\u6821\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u88ab\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/image-137.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1285\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17-8-1024x600.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17-8-1024x600.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17-8-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17-8-768x450.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17-8.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" 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class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-92-1024x600.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3840\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-92-1024x600.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-92-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-92-768x450.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-92.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" 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decoding=\"async\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/ucausa.org\/aad195a8-7226-4159-8c77-7300b1f40b28\"><strong>\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3011<\/strong>Abrams. D. (1992).Processes of Social Identification. In G. M. Breakwell (Ed.).&nbsp;<em>Social Psychology ofIdentity and the Self Concept<\/em>&nbsp;(pp. 57-99). Surrey University Press.Berry, J. (1990).Psychology of acculturation: Understanding individuals moving between cultures.In R.&nbsp;Brislin (Ed.).&nbsp;<em>Applied Across-Cultural Psychology<\/em>&nbsp;(pp.232-253). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Cai, Alice (2019). Bowl of Noodleshttps:\/\/www.artandwriting.org\/explore\/online-galleries\/#writing=Personal+Essay%2FMemoir&amp;future_new=All&amp;art_portfolio=false&amp;writing_portfolio=false&amp;year=2019&amp;state=AR&amp;awards=All&amp;grade=0.Chang, Iris. (2003).&nbsp;<em>The Chinese in America: A Narrative History<\/em>.Penguin Books.Giles, H., Bourhis, R.Y.&amp; Taylor, D. M. (1977). Toward a Theory of Language in Ethnic Group Relations. In &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; H. Giles &amp; R. St.Clair (Eds.).&nbsp;<em>Language, Ethnicity, and Intergroup Relations<\/em>&nbsp;(pp. 307-348). London:&nbsp; Academic Press.Kim, Young Yun. (2002). Cross-Cultural Adaptation: An Integrative Theory. In Judith Martin, Thomas &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Nakayama &amp; Lisa Flores (Eds.).&nbsp;<em>Readings in Intercultural Communication:Experiences andContexts<\/em>&nbsp;(2<sup>nd<\/sup>&nbsp;ed.) (pp.237-245). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill.Gordon, M. M. (1964).&nbsp;<em>Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion, and Origin<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press.\u6797\u5609\u71d5 (Jessica May Lin). 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Thousand Oaks: CA: Sage.\u5f90\u5b89\u8363 \uff08An Rong Xu\uff09(2015). \u201c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u6211\u7684\u534e\u88d4\u8eab\u4efd.\u201d&nbsp;<em>\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>https:\/\/cn.nytimes.com\/opinion\/20150329\/c29exposures\/.Yam, Kimberly.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzA5NzIwMjQzMA==&amp;mid=2650000927&amp;idx=7&amp;sn=6b93bd0932f3f29307dc54b771cc94e4&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\">https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/6toRvP2t6Rh0D0nyi80ZPw<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"918\" height=\"511\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/19-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/19-6.png 918w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/19-6-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/19-6-768x428.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 918px) 100vw, 918px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u62c9\u65af\u7ef4\u52a0\u65af\u7ea6\u8d77\u6765<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2020\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5927\u4f1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-18-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-18-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-18-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-18-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/5-18.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5415\u884c (Xing Lu)&nbsp;\u5317\u7f8e\u65b0\u89c6\u754c2019-08-18 \u6d77\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u5728\u9002\u5e94\u5f53\u5730\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b50\u5973\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bb8\u591a\u5bb6\u957f\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0a\u5f88\u56f0\u60d1\u3001\u5f88\u8ff7\u832b\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5bb6\u5ead\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1283"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1283"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3841,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1283\/revisions\/3841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ucausa.org\/s\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}